The evolution of the instruments for strengthening Spanish-Algerian relations since the Treaty of friendship, good neighbourliness and cooperation of 2002: actually, a comprehensive cooperation?

Abstract

The instruments for intensifying Spanish-Algerian relations have diversified in recent years. From Algeria's independence in 1962 to 2002, fourteen bilateral agreements have been signed, which leads us to conclude that although relations between the two countries have increased, the number of agreements is still limited. A significant milestone in this relational process was signing of the Treaty of Friendship, Good Neighbourliness and Cooperation in 2002. After which, another fourteen bilateral agreements were signed. Additionally, other instruments to strengthen relations between Spain and Algeria, such as the high-level meetings (RAN) held on eight occasions, the last one in 2018, and another 35 non-normative international agreements since 2007. Despite the intensification of instruments, some areas of cooperation are still not a priority despite their relevance, such as culture and immigration.